OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE

CENTRO HISTORICO DE PUEBLA, MX

In 1987, the historic center of Puebla, Mexico, was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List—an act that formalized its cultural value within a global system of recognition premised on preservation, aesthetics, and heritage management. Yet such inscriptions are never neutral; they mark the beginning of a long negotiation between local histories and globalized regimes of visibility. Since the mid-2000s, city and state-led initiatives to “beautify” Puebla’s historic core have intensified. These interventions, while framed as acts of preservation, constitute a visual reordering of the urban fabric—one that privileges a curated colonial aesthetic aligned with heritage tourism and neoliberal development agendas.

The restoration of facades, repainting of buildings in vibrant hues, and the installation of cobblestone streets signal a shift in how the city’s history is meant to be seen and consumed. Under the guise of “revival,” these efforts reconstruct a sanitized vision of colonial grandeur, displacing the layered and contested histories embedded in the built environment. Such chromatic interventions replace the earthy ochres and terracottas—tones historically derived from the region’s natural pigments—with an idealized palette that performs colonial nostalgia for a global audience. Simultaneously, the presence of talavera tiles, long emblematic of Puebla’s syncretic architectural identity, becomes aestheticized—stripped of their historical contingencies and recast as ornamental markers of cultural authenticity.

The visual history of Puebla is not fixed but has continually shifted in response to political regimes and aesthetic ideologies. From the symbolic whitewashing of facades during neoclassical and Porfirian periods—signaling European modernity—to post-revolutionary returns to vernacular color and material, each phase reveals how architectural surfaces function as canvases for the projection of power. The emergence of heritage conservation movements in the mid-20th century further reframed these surfaces, aligning restoration practices with the demands of a global tourist economy and the cultural capital of UNESCO designation.

This photo-based research engages the visual politics of restoration as a field of contestation. It examines how color, surface, and materiality are mobilized in the ongoing production of heritage-place, asking what is made visible and what is effaced in the pursuit of historic “authenticity.” Rather than documenting the city as a static monument, the work interrogates how architectural interventions mediate historical narratives, circulate ideological values, and reinscribe colonial logics under the banner of preservation.

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